The Solar Eclipse

The solar eclipse occurs when the position of the moon is between the Earth and the Sun that cover part or all of the sunlight. Although the moon is smaller, the shadow of the Moon can protect the light of the sun completely because of the moon within an average distance of 384,400 miles from Earth, closer than the Sun that have an average distance of 149,680,000 miles.

Solar Eclipse can be divided into three types:

1. Total Solar Eclipse

A solar eclipse is said to be a total eclipse when the peak of the eclipse, the Sun disc covered entirely by a disk of the Moon. At that time, the Moon disc as large or larger than the disk of the Sun. The sun disc and disc size moon itself varies depending on each distance Earth-Moon and Earth-Sun.

2. Partial solar eclipse

Partial eclipse occurs when the moon disc (at peak eclipse) only cover part of the sun disc. In this eclipse, there is always a part of the solar disk that is not covered by a disk of the Moon.

3. Solar Eclipse ring

Ring eclipse occurs when the moon disc (the peak of the eclipse) only cover part of the disk of the Sun. This type of eclipse occurs when the moon is smaller dish size of the sun disc. So when the moon is in front of the dish dish the Sun, not the entire solar disk will be covered by a disk of the Moon. Part sun disc that is not covered by a disk of the Moon, the Moon is in the disc around and looks like a glowing ring.

The solar eclipse can not last more than 7 minutes and 40 seconds. When a solar eclipse, people are prohibited from looking towards the Sun with the naked eye as this can permanently damage the eyes and cause blindness.

Earth's Gravity

A natural phenomenon that can not be avoided on this earth is a power or force can be said to always pull down (perpendicular to the Earth) is often referred to as Earth's gravity.

Earth's gravitational force is also known as the Earth's gravitational pull bumi.Dengan we can walk on the surface of the earth, a car that could run on the highway as well as the roots of trees leading into the earth. In the absence of gravity humans have trouble walking surface of the earth is like being on the moon that are not gravity, if any, is so small that no real influence. Therefore, astronauts can not stand up straight let alone to run, astronauts move by floating in the atmosphere. However, different if the earth which has the force of gravity so that living beings and objects that are not floating on the surface of the earth being up into space.

Figures very closely with Isac Newton's gravity is a phenomenon that apples fall down not up.


The gravitational force on each surface of the earth is not the same place, is caused by a variety of differences, these differences are:
- The radius of the poles and the equator (small effect)
- Altitude (the effect is also very small)
- The density of rocks that make up Earth's crust

By knowing the force of gravity at the earth's surface, the experts can analyze the state of the earth. Assuming that the volume (mass) the amount fixed by the lower parts of the earth as well as the ocean or valley offset by a continent or a mountain in order to keep the volume of the earth. If we look at the globe it is seen that the northern hemisphere is largely southern hemisphere continents while most of the ocean.

Things like that also occurs in the mountains that the high mountain path appears the balance of a deep sea trench lines nearby. This phenomenon is called the position or the position has always balanced isostacy. As long as it has not reached the equilibrium of the earth's crust will move on to achieve balance and this is one of the causes of the tectonic style or volatility in certain places on the surface of the earth.

Definition of Elements, Compounds and Mixed In Substance

Substance is something that has mass and occupies space. Substances can be solids, liquids and gaseous substances. Substance based on its purity can be subdivided into three, namely:
1. element
2. compound
3. mixture



A. element

The element is a substance that can not be subdivided into smaller parts.


Examples of elements:
- Elements of Gold / Au (Aurum)
- Elements of Nitrogen / N
- Elements of Platina / Pt
- Elemental Carbon / Carbon / C

B. compound

The compound is a single substance that consists of several elements intertwined-hook.



Examples of compounds:
- Compound Oxygen / O2
- Compound Water / H2O
- Compounds Alcohol / C2 H5 OH
- Compounds Salt Kitchen / NaCl


C. mixture

The mixture is a substance composed of several other substances that are not fixed types and composition of elements and compounds.

Mixed Examples:
- Air
- Land
- Water

Molecule

Molecule is defined as a group of atoms (at least two) that each bind with very strong (covalent) in a specific arrangement and electrically neutral and fairly stable. According to this definition, different molecules with polyatomic ions. In organic chemistry and biochemistry, the term is used in a less rigid molecule, so that the organic molecules and biomolecules including uncharged molecules were considered.

In the kinetic theory of gases, the term molecule is often used to refer to particles of any gas without relying on its composition. According to this definition noble gas atoms is considered as a molecule, although these gases consist of a single atom is not bonded.


A molecule may consist of atoms berunsur same (eg oxygen O2), or composed of different elements (eg water H2O). Complex atoms and associated non-covalently (eg bound by hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds) is generally not regarded as a single molecule.

Concept and Theory of Atomic

Concept and Theory of Atomic. Atomic arrangement consists of: particles of protons, neutrons and electrons.

1. Atomic theory according Leokippos and Demokratos:
Atom is one of the smallest particles that can not be subdivided.

2. According to Aristotle's theory of atoms:
Atom is a material that can be divided continuously or every detail without any limits.

3. According to Dalton's atomic theory:
- Compounds formed from the combination of two or more different atoms
- Atom is a material composed of the smallest particles
- Atom can not be created nor be destroyed and can not be broken down or reduced again with the same properties
- Elements composed by two or more of the same atom, in which every element has different properties and shapes
- The chemical reaction is accompanied by incorporation of the separation of the atoms of the element or compound in the reaction.

what is a cell?

Structure unit cell is the smallest physiological function of all living organisms. Cells is closely associated with life because the cell is a compilation of the smallest living things. Cell biology is the smallest unit that still has the characteristics of life. One of them is the cell able to live alone or have the potential for it, the cell will respond to changes in the environment, the cell also has the ability to produce.

The word cell was first disclosed by Robert Hooke (1965) to show the tiny rooms in each of the soft tissue is viewed through a simple microscope. Only later, namely in the early 19th century Lorenzo Oken, Mathiassa Scheiden, Theodor Schwann and Rudolf Virchow proposed the cell theory.


ANATOMY AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY

Anatomically the cell was divided into 3 parts, namely:
1. Plasma membrane (plasma membrane or Plasmalemma).
2. Cytoplasm and organelles Tues
3. Inti Cells (nucleus).

The process of occurrence of Rain

Rain is water falling from the sky incident on the earth. At first the rain came from water in the earth such as seawater, river water, lake water, water reservoirs, water rumpon, rice water, sewer water, milk, water, latrines, water pool, saliva, and so forth.

In addition to the physical form of water, water that evaporates into the air can also be derived from the human body, animals, plants, and other objects that contain water. Waters are generally undergo a process of evaporation or evaporation due to solar heat relief. Water that evaporates or becomes vapor into the air and eventually moving toward a sky high along with the vapors of water to another. Vapor high in the sky which is undergoing a process of compaction or condensation to form clouds.


With the help of the clouds the wind could move here and there either vertically, horizontally and diagonally.

Know the Milky Way

Galaxies based on the wikipedia is a system bound by gravity which consists of stars (with all forms of manifestations, including neutron stars and black holes, cosmic gas and dust of the interstellar medium, and the possibility of a hypothetical substance known as dark matter.

Milky Way itself is a large spiral galaxy and has a Hubble type SBbc. The total mass of this galaxy is owned by approximately 1012 of the mass of the Sun.

There are about 200-400 billion stars 1000 light years in thickness and diameter of 100,000 light-years in this Milky Way galaxy. Our sun is one of the star the star. That's why understanding this galaxy is so important. This is because in the Milky Way is our home planet as humans.


The distance between our sun with the center of the Milky Way galaxy about 27,700 light years. And at the center of the galaxy is thought to have supermassive black holes (black holes). And do you know our solar system is only just around it as much as 20-25 times.

What is a Planet?

What is a planet? based on the dictionary, the planet is a celestial object reflects light from shining as a star and moving around the star. For ordinary people, the planet is a member of the solar system moves around the sun.

For the observer sky, the planet is a celestial object is not twinkling like stars because the planet can not produce light. But for researchers, the definition of planet is not that easy. The observation over the years with various theories give various definitions of the planet. Some quote the definition of planet is as follows:

Geoffry W. Marcy:
Planet is an object that has a mass between that belongs to Pluto and the threshold of combustion deutrium and that formed in orbit around an object that can generate energy through nuclear reactions.

G H A Cole:
planet is a cold object

Gibor Basri:
planet is a spherical non fusor who was born in orbit around a fusor.

Alan Stern & The Levinson:
planet is bound planetary objects in orbit around the multi-star systems and single stars.

Mike Brown:
planet is an object in the solar system more massive than the total mass of other objects in adjacent or similar orbit.


Planet itself comes from the Greek word "Wanderer" or "rover" that is the object of the cold sky, and does not produce energy. The planet can only rely on a large reflective albedonya. As a cold object, the planet does not have a significant source of heat energy in it and was not influenced by temperature. If the brown dwarf stars and thermonuclear processes of internal heat energy supply, the planet's heat energy from outside itself for instance from the parent star. In addition, the interior condition of the planet, is not sufficient to cause the ionization of its constituent atoms.

World's First Anti-Laser Built

More than 50 years after the invention of the laser, scientists at Yale University have built the world's first anti-laser, in which incoming beams of light interfere with one another in such a way as to perfectly cancel each other out. The discovery could pave the way for a number of novel technologies with applications in everything from optical computing to radiology.

Conventional lasers, which were first invented in 1960, use a so-called "gain medium," usually a semiconductor like gallium arsenide, to produce a focused beam of coherent light -- light waves with the same frequency and amplitude that are in step with one another.

First Crop Circle of 2011 In Indonesia

Yogyakarta, January 24, 2011. Hundreds of curious visitors have flocked to a small rice field in Yogyakarta to witness what could be Indonesia’s first documented crop circle, an occurrence attributed by some to close encounters of the alien kind.

Ngadiran, one of six farmers who owns the land in Sleman district where the crop circle, measuring 70 meters in diameter, was found on Sunday afternoon, told the Jakarta Globe on Monday that he had not seen what had caused the distinctive pattern but others may have.